(Almost) Silent Sunday: R and R

Pink-orange dahlia flower opening.

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Just a quick post-and-run this week. Hubby’s brother has come to stay and we’re having a few days off for rest & relaxation. (Probably some good food and wine too…)

Missing: Butterflies…

Comma butterfly

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‘Where are the butterflies this year?’ I’ve heard that question from many folk here in the UK this year. The rain and lack of warmth earlier in the summer have been blamed, especially after the previous very wet and windy weather in the spring.

It has become warmer and more summery recently but there still aren’t many butterflies around. At this time of year I take part in the ‘Big Butterfly Count’, run by the UK charity, Butterfly Conservation. Butterfly Conservation has reported that the numbers of butterflies recorded this year are the lowest ever in the 14 years of holding it. Although the poor weather has made it hard for butterflies to fly and to mate this year, their numbers have already been in decline in recent decades. Much of this is attributed to the loss of habitats, pesticides, and now a changing climate.

My photographs here were not taken this summer, but in previous years. There simply haven’t been enough times when I’ve seen butterflies in the garden to be able to photograph them. For my count here, it was noticeable that there was a huge drop in the numbers of those that are usually the commonest. There was only one peacock butterfly and no red admirals at all. (I have in the past seen a dozen peacock butterflies sunning themselves on our brick path and around the same number of red admirals feasting on a buddleia.)

For one particular butterfly – the gatekeeper (below) – there was actually a slight rise in numbers. This year I saw five of them during the 15-minute count. Last year I think it was three. (We are probably seeing more of these because we now have both blackberries and thyme in the garden for the adults to feed on.) Other butterflies – large white, small white, and comma (top photo) were sighted but, again, in fewer numbers. There was a single brimstone, which I’ve only seen once during a count, but no small tortoiseshell this year.

It’s not just a poor year for butterflies here, but for bees too. Normally there would be lots in the garden, but now there are very few. (Spring was good at one point, and I noticed that the ajuga was absolutely buzzing while it was in flower.) I hope that the insect numbers will be able to recover in warmer years, but I feel that I may need to do more to provide both habitat and food to encourage these visitors. In particular, I’d like to grow food plants that will be available over a longer period, especially for any late-arriving butterflies and bees. 🦋

Gatekeeper butterfly
Gatekeeper butterfly on an anemone leaf

After the Rain, Sunshine

Oenothera macrocarpa (Missouri evening primrose)

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During a recent break between rain showers, I went into the garden to take as many photos as I could of the raindrop-adorned plants. These evening primroses stood out as looking particularly sunny after a grey day. This one is Oenothera macrocarpa (Missouri evening primrose), which is quite different to the tall evening primroses that also grow here.

The biggest difference between this and the other evening primrose in our garden (which I believe is Oenothera stricta ‘Sulphurea’) is the growth habit. The Missouri evening primrose is an easy neighbour for the other plants in the border, spreading slowly on low, lax stems. It causes no problems for the other plants around it. ‘Sulphurea’, on the other hand, can be a bit of a thug because it can self-seed in such great numbers that it blocks light from the other plants beside it.

I made the mistake of letting many of Sulphurea’s seedlings remain in an area where they have now created a screen that hides the neighbouring shorter plants. Oops! They’ll have to be removed and I’ll spread the seed from them in a semi-wild area where the other plants are tall enough to compete.

Meanwhile, the Missouri evening primrose that you see here is behaving beautifully, so I’m likely to plant more of this one. Then there will be plenty of zingy yellow flowers to brighten the days when the sun is sulking behind clouds.

Oenothera macrocarpa (Missouri evening primrose)
Oenothera macrocarpa (Missouri evening primrose) is providing a colourful shelter for an ant.

Rainy Day Blues (2): Geranium Rozanne

Geranium Rozanne with raindrops

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More rain-splashed blue flowers for this week – though the reverse of the flower of Geranium ‘Rozanne’ is more of a purple-blue. A lot of supposedly blue flowers are, like this, not quite blue. I’ve just read that the reason for it is that plants don’t have any true blue pigments.

So how do plants like forget-me-nots and borage make their flowers look so blue? Apparently the colour comes from the chemical manipulation of the anthocyanin pigments that create reds. From the point of view of the plant, it’s worth the extra effort because the eyesight of bees is especially responsive to blue.

If I’d done a bit more science at school I might have known about this. That slight pinkish tint in many blue flowers has always intrigued me. Now I know why it’s there. (And now you know how I’ve been passing a rainy afternoon on the internet!)

Knowing that it is less easy for flowers to appear blue makes me appreciate the blue flowers in my garden even more. These pretty flowers of Geranium Rozanne have held up well in the recent rains; now that the sun is shining again I’ll make sure to get out and enjoy the sight of them.

Geranium Rozanne with raindrops
Geranium Rozanne doesn’t seem to mind the rain.

Rainy Day Blues 1: Platycodon

Flowers of Platycodon (balloon flower)

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This week’s garden photography has meant nipping out between showers. If you’ve been reading my blog for a little while, you’ll know that the climate here in the east of England tends to be very dry – actually the driest in the country. It doesn’t feel like it at the moment though! There has been plenty of rain and there’s a mad rush of growth in the garden as a result.

One plant that would probably prefer a bit more sunshine is this Platycodon grandiflorus, commonly known as ‘balloon flower’. (So named because the developing flower buds swell into odd little five-pointed ‘balloons’…a temptation for any child to pop them!)

Platycodon is a member of the campanula family and looks very similar to the campanulas growing close to it. Its flowers are bigger, at about three inches across, whereas the campanula flowers reach about two inches. It creates a lovely splash of blue which blends easily with the other colours in the border, especially the nearby yellow daisies of Anthemis tinctoria and a white campanula that grows next to it.

Blue is one of my favourite colours, so it was inevitable that I would buy a platycodon as soon as I saw it. It has settled in well since I planted it last year and there are now lots of flower buds on it. These should keep the blue flowers coming through summer. It is wet and grey here at the moment, but rainy day blues like these make me very happy.

Flowers of Platycodon (balloon flower)

Pretty Pincushions

Astrantia flowers with raindrops

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The pincushion flowers of astrantia are making an impact in the garden at the moment. The flowers are quite different to anything else around them, so provide interest and variety to the border.

Over the years, I’ve tried growing several different cultivars of Astrantia major, notably the lovely pink ‘Roma’ and the darker red ‘Rubra’. Neither of those lasted very long, probably due to drought. The white cultivars in the garden now are doing better. That’s because I take more care to water them when the weather is very dry. (Not sure what they are. One was supposed to be ‘Shaggy’, with the longer bracts, but doesn’t look any different to the other plants. They probably all are simply the original species of Astrantia major, rather than one of the cultivars.)

I would like to try again with some of the coloured cultivars of astrantia, but will look for plants that are in flower. When grown from seed there can be variability in the plants, and those grown from the seed of cultivars or hybrids are unlikely to come true to the parent plant. That might mean the possibility of an interesting seedling or two. On the other hand, I wonder if they tend to revert to the commoner white.

At present, the astrantias here are looking good. That is likely to be because of all the rain we’ve had recently. It’s pouring down as I’m writing this and has been raining for a few days. I was able to get out and photograph the flowers above in a brief pause between showers – can you spot the raindrops? (The flowers below were photographed on a dry day that now feels like a long time ago!)

Astrantia flowers

The Gleam of Gold

Flower of Trollius chinensis 'Golden Queen'

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The bog garden that I created last year has allowed me to grow a few plants that would find it hard to survive here otherwise. It’s a tiny space – about 5 to 6ft across – and now pretty much full. In it I have Siberian irises, astilbes, ragged robin ( Lychnis flos-cuculi) and the plant you see here, Trollius chinensis ‘Golden Queen’.

I’ve tried growing this plant in the ordinary garden soil here and failed; the conditions were too dry. It needs moist soil that doesn’t dry out, so was one of the plants I wanted to try in the bog garden. The bog garden does have to be kept watered, especially in the hot weather we’re having at the moment. It can accidentally dry out…oops! But it’s much easier to look after moisture-loving plants when they’re all in the same space. The water I give them lasts much longer too.

Although their name declares them to be ‘golden’, to me these flowers are more orange. Whatever their description, they are certainly bright and gleam out from their dark background of iris leaves and bronze elder. Their shape is unusual and eye-catching, with a central tuft that the RHS explains to be ‘nectar-bearing petals’, surrounded by a ring of ‘petal-like sepals’. (I’m continually impressed by the variety of flower forms that nature comes up with!)

At the moment, this and the other plants in the new bog garden seem to be doing well. However, that may mean that this small area gets overcrowded…maybe I’ll soon have to find somewhere to make another bog garden!🌿

Flower of Trollius chinensis 'Golden Queen'
Trollius chinensis ‘Golden Queen’ is also known by the common name ‘globeflower’.

Gradually…

Purple verbascum flowers

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It has been quite a while since the flowers started to open on the purple mullein in my garden. (This variety is Verbascum phoeniceum ‘Violetta’.) The photographs here were taken before mid-May; now in June we’re still only about half-way up the flower spike. It will be some time before I can photograph open flowers at the top!

An advantage of the way the opening of the individual flowers slowly progresses upwards is that it makes the flower spike last longer. That’s good for the visiting bees and makes for a longer-lasting splash of purple. A win-win, as far as I’m concerned!

As well as lasting for a long time, the numbers of these flowers is gradually increasing over the years too. Each plant isn’t long-lived but they self-seed readily and have scattered seedlings around the parent plants. (I’ll give them a bit of help and sprinkle some seed around the rest of the garden.) Because I have no other verbascums, these have remained the same purple as the original plants and, with time, I’m hoping to have lots of them dotted through the borders. Meanwhile, I’m waiting to be able to photograph the top of the flower spike when it opens…

Purple verbascum flower

Ah, If Only I Had More Space…

White peony flower

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Peonies are gloriously at their best this month. An ‘open gardens’ event in a nearby village has reminded me how wonderful they are in full flower. Several of the gardens had these huge, flamboyantly colourful blooms and I couldn’t help wishing for a bit more space for growing my own.

I have to admit to having a red peony that is sulking because the shrub behind it has swamped it over the last couple of years. No flowers from it this year, so I reckon it’s going to have to be moved…where to I have no idea! (But I will find another space for it eventually.)

The flowers here were actually photographed last summer, in one of the large gardens that we visited then. I slightly prefer the gentle grace of these white flowers to the more gaudy colours, although all are beautiful. These fabulous white flowers would be lovely in a calm, relaxing space alongside other white-flowered plants. The idea of a restrained and soothing colour scheme is very appealing for a little retreat from the busy world! 🌼

White peony flowers

Variations 2: The Pinks

Deep pink aquilegias

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After last week’s post about blue/purple aquilegias, I decided that the pink ones deserved a little attention too. Like the blues and purples, pinks also vary in colouring and add to the interest and diversity of the garden at this time of year. The darkest flowers (above) are my favourites, but the other aquilegias range from those that are just the palest of pinks, like the one below, to medium pinks and others that are closer to red.

There’s just a light pink blush to this flower’s petals.

Amongst the aquilegia flowers, I was intrigued to see that some of the pale pink flowers had random patches of a darker pink on their petals. Strange! It’s something I’ve seen elsewhere too, but I can’t remember seeing it on other flowers. I wonder if it’s just aquilegias that do this? (Hmm, there must be other flowers that do…) Perhaps it shows how mixed their colour genes are.

Pink aquilegia with random darker markings
This aquilegia doesn’t know which shade of pink it wants to be!

Not only do the colours vary in their flowers, the shape can too. You can see how aquilegias got one of their common names from the shape of the double flower below. It does indeed look like an old-fashioned ‘Granny’s Bonnet’. I hope that there will be plenty of seedlings from this year’s aquilegias – I’d love to have a great mix of colours and flower forms again.

Pale pink aquilegia
This pale pink aquilegia shows how it got the name ‘Granny’s Bonnet’.